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Inspector Harold Francis "Dirty Harry" Callahan is a fictional character in the ''Dirty Harry'' film series, encompassing ''Dirty Harry'' (1971), ''Magnum Force'' (1973), ''The Enforcer'' (1976), ''Sudden Impact'' (1983) and ''The Dead Pool'' (1988). Callahan is portrayed by Clint Eastwood in each movie. From his debut, Callahan became the template for a new kind of movie cop: an antihero who does not hesitate to cross professional and ethical boundaries in pursuit of his own vision of justice, especially when the law is poorly served by an inept bureaucracy. Callahan is often considered a film icon, so much so that his nickname, "Dirty Harry", has entered the lexicon as slang for ruthless police officers. All of the ''Dirty Harry'' films feature Callahan killing criminals, mostly in gunfights. Phrases he utters in armed stand-offs," ''Go ahead, make my day'' " and " ''() you've got to ask yourself one question: 'Do I feel lucky?' Well, do you, punk? "'' have become iconic. As the 1971 film was criticized for carrying fascist, or at least authoritarian, undertones, the sequels attempted to be more balanced by pitting Harry against villains from a broader ideological spectrum; notably in 1973's ''Magnum Force'', in which Harry is shown fighting vigilantism.〔Paul Smith, "The Opposite of Fascism", in ''Clint Eastwood: A Cultural Production'', U of Minnesota Press, 1993, 101–108.〕 ==Biography== Callahan is an Inspector with the San Francisco Police Department, usually with the Homicide department, although for disciplinary or political reasons he is occasionally transferred to other less prominent units, such as Personnel (in ''The Enforcer'') or Stakeout (in ''Magnum Force'') or just sent out of town on mundane research assignments (in ''Sudden Impact''). Callahan's primary concern is protecting and avenging the victims of violent crime. Though proficient at apprehending criminals, his methods are often unconventional; while some claim that he is prepared to ignore the law and professional and ethical boundaries, regarding them as needless red tape hampering justice, his methods are usually within the law – he takes advantage of situations that justify his use of deadly force, sometimes almost creating those situations. When a group of men holding hostages in a liquor store in ''The Enforcer'' demand a getaway car, Callahan delivers one by driving the car through the store's plate glass window and then shooting the robbers. Rather than following the rules of the police department, Callahan inserts himself into the scene of the event at a time when the imminent use of deadly force by the criminals justifies his use of deadly force against the criminals. Conversely, in ''Sudden Impact'' when he finds out that Jennifer Spencer (Sondra Locke), the person responsible for a series of murders in San Francisco and San Paulo, was a rape victim killing her unpunished rapists, he lets her go free, indicating that he feels her retribution was justified. In ''The Dead Pool'' Callahan shoots a fleeing and unarmed Mafia assassin in the back and kills the villain in the end with a harpoon knowing that the man's pistol is out of ammunition. Callahan goes a step further in ''Dirty Harry'', in which he shoots serial killer Charles "Scorpio" Davis after Davis surrenders and put his hands in the air. Determined to know the location of a 14-year-old girl that Davis has kidnapped and buried alive, Callahan then presses his foot onto Davis' leg wound, ignoring Davis's pleas for a doctor and a lawyer until Davis gives up the location of the kidnapped girl. Callahan is later informed by the District Attorney that because Callahan kicked in the door of Davis' residence without a warrant, and because Davis' confession of the girl's location was made under the duress of torture, the evidence against him is inadmissible, and Davis has been released without charges filed against him. Callahan explains his outlook to the Mayor of San Francisco, who asks how Callahan ascertains that a man he had shot was intending to commit rape; the inspector responds, "When a naked man is chasing a woman through an alley with a butcher knife and a hard-on, I figure he isn't out collecting for the Red Cross." While his partners and many other officers respect and admire Callahan, others see him as unfit to serve on the police force. He often clashes with superiors who dislike Callahan's methods, and judges and prosecutors are wary of handling his cases because of frequent violations of the Fourth Amendment and other irregularities. A police commissioner admits that Callahan's "unconventional methods ... get results", but adds that his successes are "more costly to the city and this department in terms of publicity and physical destruction than most other men's failures". (The publicity makes him well known; in ''Sudden Impact'', the police chief of another city calls him "the famous Harry Callahan".) Callahan is often reprimanded, suspended, and demoted to minor departments. At the start of ''Magnum Force'' Lt. Briggs transfers him to stakeout. In ''The Enforcer'' Captain McKay assigns him to personnel. In ''Sudden Impact'' he is threatened with a transfer to traffic and being fired, and in ''The Enforcer'' he begins a 180-day suspension imposed by McKay. According to film critic Roger Ebert, "it would take an hour in each of these movies to explain why he's not in jail". The films routinely depict Callahan as being a skilled marksman and strong hand-to-hand combatant, killing at least one man with his bare hands. He is a multiple winner of the SFPD's pistol championship. In the five movies, Callahan is shown killing a combined total of 45 criminals, mostly with his trademark revolver, a Smith & Wesson Model 29 .44 Magnum, which he describes as "the most powerful handgun in the world". He refuses to join the secret police death squad in ''Magnum Force'', as he prefers the present system, despite its flaws, to the vigilante alternative. In his fight against criminals, however, including the fellow officers on the death squad, Callahan is merciless and shows no hesitation or remorse at killing them. In ''Dirty Harry'', several explanations are suggested for his nickname. When his partner Chico Gonzalez asks of its origins, Frank DiGiorgio says that "that's one thing about our Harry; () doesn't play any favorites. Harry hates everybody: Limeys, Micks, Hebes, Fat Dagos, Niggers, Honkies, Chinks, you name it." After being called to talk down a jumper, Callahan states he is known as Dirty Harry because he is assigned to "every dirty job that comes along". When Harry is ordered to deliver ransom money to Scorpio, Gonzalez opines "no wonder they call him Dirty Harry; () always gets the shit end of the stick". In ''Dirty Harry'' Gonzalez humorously suggests that Callahan's nickname may have an alternate origin given that he twice ends up peeking through a naked woman's window and later follows a suspect into a strip club. The movies reveal little about Callahan's personal background. In the first film, Callahan tells his partner's wife that his wife was killed by a drunk driver. She appears in ''Magnum Force'' in an old photograph which Harry turns around. The doctor tending to him after the first film's bank robbery intimates that "us Potrero Hill boys gotta stick together". The first film's novelization explains that Callahan grew up in this neighborhood and describes a hostile relationship between the police and the residents. Callahan recalls once throwing a brick at a cop, who picked it up and threw it back at him. The following sequels show that Harry lives within the city limits in a small studio apartment on Jackson St. in the Nob Hill area, so unfamiliar with his neighbours that they refer to him only as 'the cop who lives upstairs'. In ''Magnum Force'' Harry's friend Charlie McCoy says "We should have done our 20 in the Marines", indicating that they served (or could/should have served) together in the armed forces. In ''The Dead Pool'', a coffee mug on Harry's desk at the police station bears the United States Marine Corps seal and in ''The Enforcer'' he is already checked out on the LAWS rocket, a USMC weapon. His hobbies appear to consist of target shooting and playing pool (which we see him doing in ''The Enforcer''). He appears to subsist on a diet of only hot dogs, hamburgers and strong black coffee which he takes without sugar and is so unchanging that he simply orders 'The usual' from the staff off his regular eateries (in ''The Dead Pool'' he samples his girlfriend's unknown dessert but doesn't have one himself). He drinks beer (and on one occasion apple juice) and both runs and weightlifts in the gym. In ''Sudden Impact'' he acquires a pet bulldog called 'Meathead' but there is no sign of him in ''The Dead Pool''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harry Callahan (character)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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